Txheej txheem cej luam
Cov ntaub ntawv firmware tuaj yeem siv tau zoo kawg nkaus thiab tseem tsis tau npaj rau ntau lawm.
Rau firmware programming ntawm PCB los ua ke, pab pawg EMS xav tau cov duab tso tawm, lub hom phiaj lub hom phiaj, lub rooj tsav xwm kho nws siv rau, lub programming interface, txhua qhov xav tau chaw nyob lossis cov cuab yeej teeb tsa, thiab ib txoj hauv kev los txheeb xyuas qhov tshwm sim. Cov khoom lag luam uas tseem xav tau tus lej xov tooj, MAC chaw nyob, ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb, lossis daim ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb xav tau cov lus qhia ntxiv.
Kev txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv tau zoo yog qhov yooj yim:
Puas yog tus kws tshaj lij uas tsis sau cov firmware program rau lub rooj tsavxwm kom raug los ntawm cov lus qhia tawm?
Yog tias tsis yog, lub software yuav ua tiav los ntawm kev tsim kho qhov muag, tab sis kev tsim khoom lag luam tsis yog.
Muab Qhov Kev Tshaj Tawm Tshaj Tawm rau Ib nplooj ntawv
Cov duab firmware tsuas yog ib feem ntawm qhov kev sib koom tes.
Rau ntau qhov haujlwm, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ib daim ntawv qhia luv luv uas qhia txog kev tsim khoom tau pom zoo thiab yuav siv li cas.
Nws tsis muaj teeb meem txawm tias tus neeg siv khoom hu qhov no yog cov lus qhia ua haujlwm, tso tawm daim ntawv, kev qhia tsim khoom, lossis kev qhia ua haujlwm. Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias tus neeg teb xov tooj tsis tas yuav rov tsim kho qhov teeb tsa los ntawm email threads, cov ntawv sau qub, thiab cov npe file.
Ib daim ntawv tso tawm tswv yim yuav suav nrog:
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Tso Field |
Yam Kev Xav Tau |
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Firmware tso tawm |
Exact pom zoo cov ntaub ntawv lossis cov ntaub ntawv |
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Hloov kho firmware |
Tso tawm software version |
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Lub hom phiaj ntaus ntawv |
Lub programmable ntaus ntawv |
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Board kho dua |
Kev kho kho vajtse pom zoo rau lub firmware |
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Programming interface |
SWD, JTAG, UART, USB DFU, SPI, los yog lwm qhov kev txhais interface |
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Programming nkag |
Header, connector, fixture - accessible test point, los yog lwm txoj kev |
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Nco qhov chaw |
Pib qhov chaw nyob lossis thaj chaw nco yog qhov xav tau |
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Ntaus configuration |
Option bytes, configuration lus, fuses, khau raj los yog kev tiv thaiv chaw nyob qhov twg muaj feem xyuam |
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Kev teeb tsa programming |
Pom zoo programmer, qhov project, tsab ntawv, lossis qhov chaw uas xav tau |
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Unit-cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb |
Serial tooj, MAC chaw nyob, calibration tus nqi, los yog lwm yam rau ib -unit cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj feem xyuam |
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Kev txheeb xyuas txoj kev |
Yuav ua li cas ntau lawm paub meej tias programming dhau |
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Tshaj tawm - kauj ruam programming |
Boot check, Functional Testing, labeling, traceability, los yog lwm yam yuav tsum tau ua |
Ib lub rooj tsavxwm MCU yooj yim yuav xav tau qee yam ntawm cov khoom no. Ib yam khoom uas muaj ntau yam programmable li, ntau yam firmware variants, cim cim, lossis kev ruaj ntseg yuav xav tau ntau dua.
Daim ntawv tso tawm khaws cov kev txiav txim siab engineering tawm ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj txhais tes. Thaum lub sij hawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib mus txog qhov programming, cov duab pom zoo, teeb tsa, thiab kev pov thawj txoj cai yuav tsum meej meej.
Peb Txoj Kev Kho Cov Ntaub Ntawv Firmware tseem tuaj yeem nres ntau lawm
Cov ntaub ntawv nws tus kheej feem ntau tsis yog qhov teeb meem. Cov ntaub ntawv nyob ib ncig ntawm nws yog.
Lub BIN yog qhov tseeb, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg txhais qhov chaw nyob
Cov ntaub ntawv nyoos binary muaj cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau programmed, tab sis nws tsis tau qhia rau tus programmer qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv ntawd nyob.
Qhov ntawd txawv ntawm qhov chaw nyob -cov kabmob xws li Intel HEX lossis Motorola S-cov ntaub ntawv.
A .bin cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem siv tau tag nrho thaum cov lus qhia ntau lawm tseem ua tsis tiav. Yog tias qhov programming workflow xav tau qhov chaw pib lossis thaj chaw nco, cov ntaub ntawv ntawd yuav tsum tau los ntawm lwm qhov tsis yog cov ntaub ntawv binary.
Qhov no yog vim li cas thiaj li tau txais cov firmware tsis zoo ib yam li muaj qhov programming tso tawm.
Lub firmware yog qhov tseeb, tab sis nws yog los ntawm kev hloov kho ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj sib txawv
Kev kho kho firmware thiab kho vajtse feem ntau yog tswj hwm nyias. Qhov ntawd feem ntau zoo kom txog thaum kev hloov kho kho vajtse cuam tshuam rau kev sib raug zoo.
Xav txog ib qhov project nrog Firmware V1.6, Board Rev.B, thiab Board Rev.C. Tag nrho peb yam yuav siv tau cov khoom tso tawm, tab sis Firmware V1.6 tsuas yog tau pom zoo rau Rev.C.
Ob qhov kev hloov kho ib tus zuj zus tuaj yeem tsim qhov kev tsim khoom tsis raug.
Qhov kev tso tawm programming yuav tsum txheeb xyuas cov kev hloov kho lub rooj tsavxwm uas siv tau thaum twg qhov kev hloov kho kho vajtse tuaj yeem cuam tshuam:
- pin assignments;
- hom sensor;
- cov khoom siv nco;
- kev sib txuas lus interfaces;
- khau raj configuration;
- I/O daim ntawv qhia;
- calibration cwj pwm.
Lub firmware filename yuav tsum tsis txhob xav tias yuav nqa qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm nws tus kheej.
Tus Programmer hais tias PASS, tab sis Pawg Thawj Coj tseem tsis tau tso tawm
Daim PASS ntsuab ntawm tus programmer qhia koj tias cov kauj ruam programming tau ua raws li nws txoj cai pov thawj.
Nws tsis qhia koj seb lub rooj sib tham sib txuas lus puas yog, nyeem nws cov sensors, hloov nws cov khoom tawm, lossis coj tus cwj pwm zoo hauv kev thauj khoom.
Lub rooj tsavxwm tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tseem muaj qhov teeb meem sib dhos, kev teeb tsa kho vajtse tsis raug, teeb meem kev sib txuas lus, tsis muaj zog, lossis daim ntawv thov - theem tsis ua haujlwm.
Qhov ntawd yog qhov kev sim ua haujlwm pib ua haujlwm sib txawv.
Programming verification paub meej tias qhov programming ua haujlwm. Functional Testing xyuas tus cwj pwm ntawm cov programmed los ua ke.
Cov ntaub ntawv hom teeb meem tsawg dua li qhov tseeb programming txoj kev
HEX thiab BIN muaj ntau, tab sis tsis yog ib qho lus teb rau txhua yam khoom.
Kev tsim cov programming workflows kuj tseem siv tau:
- ELF lossis lwm hom kev ua tau zoo;
- Motorola S-cov ntaub ntawv;
- tus neeg muag khoom- cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb programming;
- ntaus ntawv - tej pob khoom configuration.
Ib qho BIN nyoos feem ntau xav tau qhov chaw nyob txawv teb chaws. Chaw nyob -cov qauv muaj peev xwm nqa tau ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Seb ELF, HEX, BIN, S-cov ntaub ntawv, lossis lwm hom siv yog nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj ntaus ntawv thiab kev pom zoo kev teeb tsa.
Nyob rau hauv pem teb ntau lawm, txoj cai yog yooj yim dua:
Siv ib hom ntawv txhawb los ntawm kev pom zoo programming teeb, thiab sau txhua yam ntaub ntawv nws tus kheej tsis txhais.
Yog tias EMS tau txwv rau kev tsim cov duab pom zoo, qhov chaws feem ntau tsis tsim nyog. Qhov chaw code, IDE tej yaam num, thiab tsim ib puag ncig muaj feem cuam tshuam thaum muab tso ua ke, debugging, firmware hloov kho, los yog ntau lawm- cov duab tsim yog ib feem ntawm qhov kev pom zoo.
Xa tag nrho repository tseem tsis qhia ntau lawm uas tsim tau pom zoo.
Programming Access yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab Hardware ib yam nkaus
Rau hauv -system programming, pob software tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm kev teeb tsa.
Chaw nres tsheb ntau lawm kuj xav tau lub cev thiab hluav taws xob nkag mus rau lub hom phiaj ntaus ntawv.
Nyob ntawm cov khoom, qhov ntawd yuav yog los ntawm:
- SWD;
- JTAG;
- UART lossis lwm qhov bootloader interface;
- USB DFU;
- SPI;
- ib tug tshwj xeeb programming connector;
- fixture- cov ntsiab lus xeem nkag tau;
- lwm yam khoom siv - tshwj xeeb interface.
Cov lus qhia kev ua haujlwm kuj tseem yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas lub rooj tsav xwm lub zog, txuas lossis ntsuas -point pinout, xav tau lub xeev khau raj, programming adapter, rov pib tus cwj pwm, thiab qhov xav tau tshem tawm / program / txheeb xyuas cov kab ke.
Cov ntsiab lus no tau daws tau zoo tshaj plaws ua ntej cov boards sib sau ua ke mus txog qhov chaw nres tsheb programming.
Lub teeb liab SWD tsis tuaj yeem kho tsis tau los ntawm kev xa cov ntaub ntawv HEX zoo dua.
Rau cov khoom lag luam uas nyob ntawm kev nkag mus rau kev nkag los yog cov ntsiab lus ntsuas kev ua haujlwm, kev npaj cov programming yog ib feem ntawm DFT qhov teeb meem, tsis yog software handoff xwb.
Khaws Firmware Revision thiab Board Revision ua ke
Cov ntaub ntawv muaj npe latest.hex lossis final_new_v2.bin tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo rau tus neeg uas tsim lawv. Lawv yog cov tswj kev tsim khoom tsis zoo.
Manufacturing xav tau ib txoj kev txhim khu kev qha kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tso cai tso tawm los ntawm:
- ib tug obsolete version;
- engineering tsim;
- kev sim-tsuas yog duab;
- lwm yam khoom variant.
Nyob ntawm tus neeg siv khoom cov ntaub ntawv- tswj qhov system, qhov tso tawm tus kheej tuaj yeem suav nrog kev hloov kho firmware, tswj cov ntaub ntawv, hnub tso tawm, hloov kho lub rooj tsav xwm, cov neeg siv khoom pom zoo siv, cov ntaub ntawv loj, lossis checksum / hash.
Kev tsim khoom tsis xav tau ib lub npe universal lossis checksum scheme. Nws xav tau txoj hauv kev txhim khu kev qha los qhia qhov tsim tawm los ntawm txhua yam hauv daim nplaub tshev.
Qhov no ua qhov tseem ceeb dua thaum ib lub platform kho vajtse txhawb ntau lub software sib txawv. Cov boards yuav zoo tib yam thaum cov khoom tiav tsis yog.
Thaum Programming suav nrog Chav -Cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb
Rau ntau yam khoom, txhua lub rooj tsavxwm tau txais tib daim duab firmware.
Lwm cov khoom lag luam kuj xav tau chav tsev - cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb xws li:
- tus lej xov tooj;
- MAC chaw nyob;
- Cov khoom ID;
- calibration coefficients;
- kev teeb tsa hauv cheeb tsam;
- cov neeg siv khoom- tej chaw tshwj xeeb;
- ntaus ntawv pov thawj.
Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, cov firmware uas nquag thiab ib -unit data yog ob qhov sib txawv cov ntaub ntawv ntws.
Kev tsim khoom yuav tsum paub tias qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb tuaj ntawm qhov twg, lawv tau sau qhov twg, txhua tus nqi cuam tshuam nrog lub rooj tsav xwm lub cev kom raug, thiab yuav tiv thaiv cov haujlwm sib npaug li cas.
Ib qho kev nthuav dav yog qhov yooj yim rau kev saib xyuas: thaum twg tus nqi tshwj xeeb txiav txim siab noj?
Tus lej xov tooj lossis MAC chaw nyob yuav raug txiav txim siab siv thaum nws raug muab, thaum programming ua tiav, lossis tsuas yog tom qab lub tsev xeem dhau qhov kev xeem xav tau. Tsis muaj ib txoj cai rau txhua yam khoom, tab sis yuav tsum muaj txoj cai pom zoo ua ntej pib tsim.
Tib yam siv rau cov chav ua tsis tiav. Pab pawg yuav tsum paub seb tus nqi puas tuaj yeem rov qab siv tau, yuav tsum tau so haujlwm, lossis tseem txuas nrog lub rooj tsav xwm ua tsis tiav rau kev taug qab.
Lub Programming Pass tsis yog FCT Pass
Programming verification thiab Functional Testing tej zaum yuav tshwm sim nyob ze ua ke nyob rau hauv lub manufacturing flow, tab sis lawv teb cov lus nug sib txawv.
Programming Verification
Programming verification nug:
Puas yog cov ntaub ntawv npaj tau sau raug raws li kev pom zoo programming?
Nyob ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab kev teeb tsa, uas yuav cuam tshuam nrog tus programmer qhov kev kuaj xyuas ua haujlwm, nyeem rov qab sib piv qhov twg tso cai, CRC, kev txheeb xyuas kev teeb tsa, lossis lwm txoj kev pom zoo.
Kev Xeem Ua Haujlwm
Functional Testing nug:
Puas yog lub zog thiab programmed PCB sib dhos ua haujlwm raws li cov khoom xav tau?
Nyob ntawm qhov project, qhov no yuav suav nrog:
- hwj chim-kev coj cwj pwm;
- kev sib txuas lus;
- input/output teb;
- sensor input;
- relay lossis actuator tso zis;
- kos tam sim no;
- cov neeg siv khoom -txhais kev ua haujlwm.
Tus programmer uas qhia PASS yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kho raws li pov thawj tias PCB sib dhos tau dhau FCT.
Rau tej yaam num uas yuav tsum tau firmware loading yuav tsum tau koom tes nrog board-level validation, STHL'sKev kuaj thiab tshuaj xyuasmuaj peev xwm muab cov kev pabcuam cuam tshuam.
Ob qhov xwm txheej uas xav tau cov lus qhia ntxiv
Feem ntau cov haujlwm programming tsis xav tau txheej txheem kev npaj ua kom tiav. Ob qhov xwm txheej tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas ntxiv thaum lawv thov.
Test Firmware thiab Production Firmware
Qee cov khoom siv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas firmware thaum tsim khoom thiab sib txawv firmware tso rau kev xa khoom.
Yog tias muaj, ntau lawm yuav tsum paub tias cov duab twg siv rau txhua theem, thaum hloov cov duab kuaj, qhov kev tso tawm zaum kawg tau lees paub li cas, thiab seb puas yuav tsum muaj lwm qhov kev kuaj xyuas tom qab ntawd.
Txwv tsis pub, lub rooj tsavxwm tuaj yeem dhau qhov kev kuaj xyuas kev tsim khoom thiab tseem tawm hauv kev tsim khoom nrog cov firmware tsis raug.
Tsis yog txhua yam khoom xav tau cais cov ntawv xeem firmware. Cov txheej txheem yuav tsum ua raws li cov khoom siv tiag tiag.
Kev ruaj ntseg
Qee qhov kev ruaj ntseg- pab kiag li lawm yuav tsum tau kos npe los yog encrypted dluab, ruaj ntseg -boot settings, OTP/eFuse configuration, yuam sij, daim ntawv pov thawj, los yog lwm yam kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv.
Thaum cov kev cai no siv tau, OEM thiab EMS tus neeg muab kev pabcuam yuav tsum pom zoo rau leej twg yog tus tswv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rhiab, uas cov haujlwm tsim tau raug tso cai ua, thiab qhov kev tso cai tsis tuaj yeem raug pom zoo li cas.
Cov khoom no yuav tsum tsis txhob ua zoo li cov khoom siv firmware zoo tib yam.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias firmware hloov tom qab Programming tau pib?
Ib daim duab firmware tshiab tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ib daim ntawv tais ceev tseg yuav luag tam sim ntawd.
Cov laug cam twb nyob rau hauv pem teb ntau lawm tsis hloov nrog nws.
Yog tias qhov kev tso tawm tshiab tuaj txog tom qab qhov programming tau pib, pab pawg xav tau kev pom meej meej rau:
- units twb programmed nrog rau yav dhau los version;
- units twb sim lawm;
- units tos programming;
- seb puas yuav tsum tau reprogramming;
- seb qhov kev kuaj ua haujlwm puas raug cuam tshuam;
- seb puas yuav tsum tau rov kuaj dua;
- qhov twg qhov kev hloov kho ciam teb zaum hauv qhov ntau lawm.
Qib kev tshuaj xyuas yuav tsum ua raws li qhov hloov pauv.
Ib txoj hlua kho kom raug thiab hloov pauv rau lub hwj chim- tswj tus cwj pwm tsis muaj qhov pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim khoom. Tab sis tsis yog yuav tsum tau qhia yooj yim los ntawm kev hloov cov ntaub ntawv thiab qhia cov kab txuas ntxiv mus.
Qhov no yog qhov kev tswj hwm version nres ua cov ntaub ntawv thiab dhau los ua kev tswj hwm ntau lawm.
Ib qho luv luv ua ntej-Kev Tshawb Fawb
Ua ntej thawj chav tsev tsim khoom yog programmed, tus neeg yuav khoom thiab pab pawg EMS yuav tsum tuaj yeem teb:
- Dab tsi yog cov duab lossis cov duab tso tawm?
- Lub programmable ntaus ntawv twg tau txais txhua daim duab?
- Lub rooj tsavxwm kho tshiab twg yog lub firmware pom zoo rau?
- Puas yog qhov chaw nyob thauj khoom lossis daim ntawv qhia nco xav tau?
- Puas yog kev xaiv bytes, fuses, lossis cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa tau kos lossis cais?
- Qhov programming interface twg siv?
- Puas yog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev nkag mus rau hauv lub rooj tsavxwm?
- Lub rooj tsavxwm siv tau li cas thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm?
- Qhov programmer, qhov project, lossis kev teeb tsa pom zoo siv tau?
- Puas yog chav tsev - cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb xav tau?
- Dab tsi ua pov thawj tias qhov programming ua haujlwm dhau?
- Puas yog Kev Ntsuas Kev Ua Haujlwm lossis lwm qhov kev kuaj yuav tsum tau tom qab?
- Puas yog qhov project siv cov firmware xeem, kev ruaj ntseg, lossis lwm qhov haujlwm tshwj xeeb?
Yog tias cov lus teb meej meej, lub programming pob nws tus kheej tsuas muaj ob peb cov ntaub ntawv xwb.
Yog tias lawv tsis yog, ntxiv ntau cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua daws cov teeb meem.
Yuav ua li cas STHL Txhawb Firmware Programming Hauv PCBA Manufacturing
Shenzhen STHL Technology Co., Ltd. (STHL) txhawb nqa MCU, FPGA, thiab EEPROM programming ua ib feem ntawm kev siv PCB los ua ke. Programming tuaj yeem koom tes nrog kev sim ua haujlwm thiab qhov project- tshwj xeeb traceability yuav tsum yog qhov xav tau.
Rau ib tus neeg tsim, kev tshuaj xyuas cov programming yuav npog cov duab tso tawm, lub hom phiaj ntaus ntawv, kev hloov kho lub rooj tsavxwm, kev nkag mus rau hauv programming, xav tau kev teeb tsa, kev txheeb xyuas, thiab ib chav tsev - cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb muab los ntawm tus neeg siv khoom.
Qhov tseeb programmer, fixture los yog cable, kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum tau, firmware tswv, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog yuav tsum tau pom zoo rau qhov tshwj xeeb project es tsis xav los ntawm ib tug general peev xwm.
Xaus
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws PCBA firmware programming yuav tsum tsis tau txhais los ntawm seb tus neeg siv khoom xa HEX, BIN, ELF, lossis lwm cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa.
Kev tsim khoom- npaj txhij yuav tsum cia pab neeg tsim khoom teb plaub nqe lus nug yooj yim:
- Cov ntaub ntawv twg yuav tsum tau programmed?
- Qhov kev hloov kho thiab lub rooj tsav xwm twg yog nyob ntawm?
- Yuav ua li cas tsim cov kev pab cuam thiab xyuas nws?
- Yuav tsum muaj dab tsi tshwm sim ua ntej lub rooj sib txoos PCB txav mus rau cov kauj ruam tom ntej?
Rau lub rooj tsavxwm MCU yooj yim, cov lus teb yuav haum rau ntawm ib nplooj ntawv. Ib yam khoom uas muaj ntau yam programmable li, cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, ntau yam firmware variants, lossis kev ruaj ntseg yuav xav tau ntau yam ntxiv.
Firmware npaj txhij rau kev tsim khoom thaum ib pab neeg tsim khoom tsim nyog tuaj yeem rov ua cov txheej txheem kev pom zoo los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm, tsis yog tso siab rau kev paub uas muaj nyob hauv tus tsim tawm lub taub hau xwb.
Rau kev tsim kho uas yuav tsum tau firmware programming, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv programming muaj thiab cov lus qhia nrog BOM, Gerber cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv sib dhos, ntau, thiab cov kev xeem thaum kojxa koj cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog qhov project PCBA.
Rau qhov programming-cov lus nug tshwj xeeb, hu rau STHL ntawminfo@pcba-china.com.
